Introduction: Why May and June require a well-considered strategy for first aid outdoors
The first truly warm days of the year draw us outdoors with almost magnetic force. In Germany, the period from May to June is a transitional phase: Nature seems to explode, temperatures finally climb into summer territory, and people are eager to go on extended hikes, take their first bike ride through the woods, or have a picnic by the swimming lake. It is often overlooked that this exact period brings a number of highly specific health risks that differ fundamentally from those of midsummer or winter. A one-size-fits-all first-aid kit is therefore only inadequately suited to the particular features of early summer.
While heat exhaustion or sunstroke often dominate in July and August, other dangers come to the fore in May and June: After a usually mild winter and a damp spring, the tick population reaches its first major peak in activity, while pollen levels surge, which is by no means relevant only to allergy sufferers in picnic situations. Added to this are the still unfamiliar intensity of the sun, which the skin is not prepared for after winter, as well as the typical minor injuries during outdoor activities that are almost unavoidable during the first sporting activities after a long break. Preparing for this specific combination of risks requires a differentiated approach to the subject of first aid in the great outdoors.
This article is intended as a comprehensive guide for everyone who spends time outdoors in early summer. It is based exclusively on the current recommendations of recognized institutions, epidemiological data, and applicable standards. The focus is on the question of what a first-aid kit must contain to address the specific risks of this season in a professionally correct yet practical way - and what role professionally equipped systems play in this context.
The seasonal risk profile: What makes May and June particularly significant from a medical perspective
Before turning to the specific equipment, it is necessary to take a close look at the risk situation. Only those who understand which risks are actually relevant at this time of year can set the right priorities when putting together an outdoor first-aid kit.
Ticks: The underestimated early-summer factor
The epidemiological data are clear: As temperatures rise in spring, tick activity reaches its first and often most intense peak. By mid-April this year, the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) had already received reports of 918 cases of Lyme borreliosis. Lyme disease is therefore by far the most common tick-borne disease in Germany. Although most infections go unnoticed, the symptoms are diverse and can affect the skin, joints, nervous system, and, more rarely, the heart.
At the same time, eleven cases of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were recorded as of the same reporting date - a rarer but potentially far more serious viral disease than Lyme disease. In 2025 as a whole, 693 TBE cases were reported to the RKI, the third-highest number of cases since data collection began. TBE can cause inflammation of the brain, meninges, or spinal cord and is fatal in about one percent of cases. More than half of those affected who were reported (57 %) developed neurological manifestations such as meningitis, encephalitis, or myelitis. Unlike Lyme disease, TBE viruses are located in the tick's salivary glands, so transmission begins immediately when the tick starts feeding. Simply removing the tick quickly therefore - unlike with Lyme disease - does not provide effective protection against infection.
The geographical distribution of risk areas has expanded significantly in recent years. The RKI now classifies 185 districts as TBE risk areas, with two new districts - the district of Northern Saxony and the urban district of Halle (Saale) - added only this year. Saxony is therefore now considered almost entirely a risk area. It should also be noted that TBE is widespread in Scandinavia, throughout the Alpine region, and across large parts of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. A physician from the National Consultative Laboratory for TBE even goes so far as to recommend classifying the entire country as a risk area. Particularly concerning is the fact that vaccination rates remain persistently low even in designated risk areas; 98 percent of those reported with symptomatic TBE in 2025 were either unvaccinated or inadequately vaccinated.
Allergic reactions and insect bites at a picnic
Anyone spreading a blanket in the countryside in May or June inevitably enters the territory of a wide variety of insects. In addition to mosquitoes, whose bites are usually merely annoying and harmless, wasps and bees pose the real danger. These insects are particularly attracted by sweet foods and drinks at picnics. For allergy sufferers, a single wasp sting can lead within minutes to a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. Anyone who knows they have an allergy must carry an emergency kit containing antihistamines and an epinephrine auto-injector. However, even people without a known allergy can quickly experience a medical emergency after multiple stings in the mouth and throat - for example, if a wasp is swallowed in a drink.
The high pollen levels in May and June represent another risk factor. Severe sneezing and itchy, watery eyes are unpleasant, but in combination with other impairments they can become safety-critical - for example, if a hiker briefly loses their sense of direction during a sneezing fit on a narrow path. A well-stocked outdoor first-aid kit should be able to help in this situation.
Sunburn, heat exhaustion, and dehydration
After winter, the skin is not accustomed to intense UV radiation, and its natural protection is minimal. An underestimated sunburn is one of the most common problems during the first summer outdoor activities. More serious than the immediate pain is the fact that every unprotected exposure to the sun already increases the risk of developing skin cancer later. Sun protection with a high sun protection factor is therefore not a cosmetic product, but a medical preventive measure.
In addition to sunburn, heat exhaustion is a risk on the first warm days. The body has not yet adapted to the thermal strain. Symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, and pronounced weakness are serious warning signs. Without immediate countermeasures - moving to a shaded place, applying cool compresses to the forehead and neck, and ensuring adequate fluid and electrolyte intake - heat exhaustion can develop into life-threatening heatstroke. Prompt and calm action is the top priority here.
Knowledge of the basic procedures, explained clearly in the first-aid brochure included with every tested first-aid kit, has proven useful in heat-related emergencies. Anyone wishing to explore systematic first aid in greater depth will find appropriately prepared training materials at specialist retailers. The overview page for the entire field of first aid provides comprehensive guidance: A wide range of high-quality materials and thoughtfully designed complete solutions are available, both for professional emergency services and private use.
Minor injuries: blisters, cuts, abrasions
Fortunately, the most common injuries during outdoor activities are usually harmless, but they can thoroughly ruin an entire outing. Blisters on the feet are practically inevitable on the first longer hikes of the year - the skin has not yet toughened up, and new or insufficiently broken-in shoes are often worn. What sounds like a minor nuisance can make the return journey agonizing and restrict mobility so severely that continuing the hike becomes impossible. The German Alpine Club (DAV) therefore lists blister plasters as a standard part of every mountain-hiking packing list.
Cuts caused by sharp stones, broken branches or - typical of a picnic - knives while cutting bread are not uncommon. In the vast majority of cases, thorough wound cleaning and a sterile wound dressing are sufficient. The situation is different for heavily bleeding wounds, larger abrasions or injuries that carry an increased risk of infection due to poor hygiene outdoors. Here, it is not only the right material that matters, but also knowledge of the correct treatment steps. Dirt particles must be removed completely before the wound is covered; otherwise, a wound infection with potentially serious consequences may result.
The basis for all this initial care is equipment that follows the applicable DIN standards for first-aid kits. These standards - particularly DIN 13157 and DIN 13169 - define the contents and specifications of first-aid materials and ensure that all essential components are available in adequate quantities and quality.
The foundation of every outdoor first-aid kit: following DIN standards 13157 and 13169
It would be a serious mistake to believe that an outdoor first-aid kit can be assembled arbitrarily from a few adhesive bandages and a half-empty roll of gauze. Standardizing first-aid materials serves a precise purpose: It guarantees that, in an emergency, the necessary consumables are available in standardized quality and sufficient quantities. The exact contents were determined by medical expert committees and are regularly adapted to the latest scientific findings and practical healthcare requirements.
What the standards define and why this is relevant for outdoor use
The two central standards for first-aid materials in Germany are DIN 13157 and DIN 13169. DIN 13157 describes the contents of the so-called “small first-aid kit”, while DIN 13169 describes those of the “large first-aid kit E”, which essentially contains twice the quantity of the small kit.
For private outdoor use, the contents of DIN 13157 provide an excellent frame of reference. They represent the minimum equipment for initial first aid at the scene of an accident considered appropriate according to current professional assessment. Those traveling in larger groups should follow DIN 13169, which is intended, among other things, as a binding standard for workplaces with up to 300 employees. The German Alpine Club (DAV) also distinguishes in its recommendations between a basic first-aid kit for day trips and an expanded kit for multi-day excursions with longer rescue times.
The DIN-compliant basic equipment in detail
A detailed look at the specific contents according to DIN 13169 shows how thoughtfully this selection has been put together:
- Adhesive dressing materials: Adhesive plaster (500 cm roll), ready-made wound dressings, fingertip dressings, finger dressings and adhesive strips in various sizes – sufficient for a wide range of smaller wounds
- First-aid dressings and wound dressings: Several sizes according to DIN 13151 (K, M, G), as well as DIN 13152-A wound dressings (60 x 80 cm) for treating larger wound areas
- Fixation bandages: FB 6 and FB 8 according to DIN 61634, which are used, among other things, to secure compresses and provide light support for joints
- Compresses: 10 x 10 cm compresses and special eye compresses for the sterile covering of eye injuries
- Special equipment: Emergency blanket (at least 210 x 160 cm), first-aid scissors according to DIN 58279-B 190, disposable medical gloves, triangular bandages according to DIN 13168-D, instant cold packs, face masks (at least Type 1 according to DIN EN 14683)
At first glance, this overview may seem like a purely workplace-related matter, but a closer look reveals a universality that also makes it indispensable for leisure activities. A heavily bleeding wound sustained while hiking requires exactly the same type of treatment as a cut injury at the workplace. The standard therefore ensures nothing less than the minimum medical standard for first aid - regardless of the specific location of use.
The first-aid bag as a professional solution for use on the go
While a first-aid box compliant with DIN standards has advantages in stationary settings, the core problem with any outdoor first-aid kit is its mobility. Medical supplies must not only be complete and sterile while on the go, but also protected from weather conditions, easy to find quickly, and practical to transport. A conventional metal box or hard-plastic case quickly reaches its limits here - they are heavy, unwieldy, and quickly become soaked in the rain.
Why a special first-aid bag is superior to a classic first-aid box for outdoor use
The requirements for mobile first-aid equipment differ fundamentally from those for a stationary container. In an emergency outdoors, every second counts - the material must be immediately accessible without lengthy searching. While a first-aid box at a workplace is kept in a fixed, clearly marked location, an outdoor first-aid kit is carried in a backpack, lies in a picnic basket, or is attached to a bicycle saddle. Falls, vibrations, and temperature fluctuations put strain on the contents, while rain and moisture can soak through sterile packaging.
In its preparation tips for the mountain hiking season, the DAV explicitly emphasizes that the first-aid kit must be checked for completeness and expiry dates before every tour. Especially after a winter break, individual components are often missing or adhesive bandages have lost their adhesive strength. The DAV also identifies the emergency blanket as an indispensable component: small, lightweight, and usable in an emergency to protect against wind and hypothermia.
The manufacturers of first-aid bags have responded to these specific requirements and consistently optimized their products for mobile use. Five key features determine whether a high-quality emergency bag is suitable for outdoor use:
- Durability and weather protection: The outer material of high-quality first-aid bags consists either of waterproof tarpaulin or particularly durable nylon fabric. These materials prevent moisture, dust, or dirt from rendering sterile dressing materials unusable - a scenario that can quickly become reality during a rainy hike or a picnic on damp ground. High-quality bags also have sealed seams, providing additional protection.
- Thoughtful interior organization and quick access: Unlike a simple metal tin, first-aid bags allow all components to be stored in a well-organized manner. Pre-sorted compartments and separate storage pockets provide targeted access to exactly the materials needed, without having to rummage through the entire kit. This is medically relevant: A structured arrangement has been shown to shorten the time until care begins and reduce handling errors under stress.
- Highly visible colors and reflectors: The striking red and yellow warning colors, often combined with retroreflective strips, serve a dual purpose: They make the bag easy to find even at dusk or in poor lighting conditions and visually identify the wearer as a first aider.
- Flexible attachment options: Belt loops, sturdy carrying handles, and in some cases the option for wall mounting make the bag versatile - from a picnic basket to a bicycle saddle or backpack.
- Sturdy zipper: Continuous, robust zippers allow for quick and complete opening. The zippers on high-quality bags are designed to function reliably even under tension and after frequent use.
The expanded must-have for May and June: The seasonal add-on check
The DIN-compliant basic equipment is the indispensable foundation on which every outdoor first-aid kit is built. However, this foundation must be specifically and thoughtfully supplemented to address the particular risks of late spring and early summer. The following components ensure that your emergency equipment is also equipped to handle the characteristic seasonal challenges.
The tick as a central concern: The right removal tool and aftercare
The tick is undoubtedly the dominant seasonal concern for everyone spending time in forests, at forest edges, or in meadows in May and June. The epidemiological data leave no doubt about its relevance: In 2024, 24 people in Germany died as a result of a tick bite. This figure underscores that tick bites are by no means merely a nuisance, but a potentially fatal risk.
The most important instrument in combating the consequences of a tick bite is the correct removal technique using the appropriate tool. The widespread belief that a tick can be removed easily with fingernails or an ordinary cosmetic tweezer is dangerous. The Malteser Hilfsdienst provides clear, evidence-based instructions: A tick should never be twisted out, because ticks do not screw themselves into the skin but hook in with their mouthparts. Instead, it is recommended to grasp the tick close to the skin with a special tick tweezer, tick card, or tick-removal tool and pull it out by carefully and controllably rocking it from left to right. A steady, measured pull prevents the head from remaining in the wound.
Another widespread myth should be explicitly dispelled at this point: Dripping oil, glue, nail polish, or hairspray onto the tick before removing it is not only useless but clearly contraindicated. Although this kills the tick, it often causes it to release saliva containing pathogens into the bite wound during its death throes, thereby significantly increasing the risk of infection.
After successful removal, the wound must be carefully disinfected. The skin disinfectant spray or appropriate wipes found in every DIN pharmacy are the first choice for this purpose. Over the following days and weeks, the bite site should be regularly checked for the typical bull's-eye rash - a red area that spreads in a ring. If this symptom appears, a doctor should be consulted immediately; it is the key symptom of Lyme disease, which can be treated effectively with antibiotics. Flu-like symptoms, joint pain, or neurological abnormalities in the weeks following a tick bite must also be medically evaluated.
Don't just remove ticks - prevent them: repellents for double protection
Alongside the correct removal tool, preventive protection against tick bites is a central pillar of seasonal prevention. The RKI explicitly recommends using repellents as a supplementary measure alongside covering clothing. Effective anti-tick repellents contain either icaridin (in concentrations of at least 20 percent) or DEET (in concentrations of 20–30 percent) as the active ingredient. These products are applied to uncovered areas of skin and provide several hours of protection, depending on the product - however, application must be renewed after heavy sweating or contact with water. Icaridin-based products are considered particularly skin-friendly and are approved for children from the age of two - a decisive criterion for family outings.
The Swiss Council for Accident Prevention (BFU) also recommends impregnated clothing as a physical barrier. Modern repellents can also be applied directly to textiles, where they provide longer-lasting protection than on the skin. For multi-day tours or stays in designated high-risk areas, the combination of a skin repellent and impregnated clothing is currently the most effective non-medicated protection.
Seasonal medical supplements: allergies, cooling, mosquitoes
In addition to tick protection, there are several supplementary components that usefully complete the DIN first-aid kit for May and June:
- Antihistamines (after consulting a doctor): For people with known insect-bite allergies, an oral antihistamine is part of the basic equipment. But antihistamines in gel form can also be helpful for people without a diagnosed allergy, relieving the bothersome symptoms of mosquito, horsefly, or wasp stings and shortening the healing process. With allergic reactions, every minute counts, which is why the product belongs in an easily accessible outer pocket.
- Repellents against mosquitoes: In addition to tick protection, many repellents also provide effective protection against mosquitoes and other biting insects. Combination products save space and weight.
- Instant cold packs: They are already included in DIN 13169, but in an outdoor first-aid kit they should be generously sized for early summer. Severe swelling after insect bites, bruises caused by falls, or the initial treatment of sprains and strains benefit immensely from immediately available cold. These packs are activated by squeezing and do not require a freezer - a decisive advantage in the field.
- Electrolytes in powder form: Heavy sweating during long hikes causes the body to lose not only fluids but also important mineral salts. Electrolyte powder dissolved in water can help counteract a decline in performance or even the onset of heat exhaustion within a very short time. Products without artificial colorants or flavorings are recommended.
- High sun protection factor (SPF 50+): Medically speaking, sun protection is a preventive measure against acute and chronic damage. A water-resistant formula in a compact tube belongs in every outdoor first-aid kit. Uncovered areas of skin such as the ears, nose, and neck should be protected with particular care.
The organized bag makes the difference
All the additional components mentioned are useful only if they can be found within seconds in an emergency. A first-aid bag with a well-designed interior layout – different main compartments for the DIN essentials, separate mesh pockets for seasonal additions, and an easily accessible outer pocket for emergency medication – is worth its weight in gold here. Investing in a high-quality bag pays off at the latest when, under adrenaline and time pressure, a specific compress, antihistamine, or tick tweezers needs to be located.
Self-check checklist: Is your outdoor first-aid kit ready?
The best equipment is useless if it is incomplete, expired, or impossible to find at the crucial moment. This compact but complete checklist should be reviewed before every outing. It takes less than two minutes and can make all the difference in an emergency:
- Expiry dates checked? Sterile compresses and adhesive bandages have an expiration date. Expired materials lose their sterility guarantee and must be consistently replaced.
- Gloves complete and undamaged? Disposable gloves protect not only the injured person from infection, but above all the first aider – an often underestimated aspect. There should be at least four pairs in the bag.
- Scissors working properly? Blunt or rusted bandage scissors are worthless in an emergency. The cut must be clean and smooth.
- Emergency blanket present and in its original packaging? The thin, silver-gold foil protects against hypothermia or shock – and is often less prominent in people’s minds on the first warm days than in winter.
- Tick tweezers or tick card within reach? The tool must have a clearly designated place in one of the outer compartments, not be loose somewhere at the bottom of the equipment bag.
- Instant cold pack intact? If the inner pouch is damaged or the pack has already been accidentally activated, it must be replaced.
- Phone charged and emergency number 112 saved? The best first-aid equipment cannot replace emergency medical services in the event of a serious injury or acute medical emergency.
- First-aid booklet included? In the excitement, even simple procedures can become confused. The illustrated guide included with every DIN-compliant kit provides crucial reassurance.
- Repellent and sun protection packed? Both products should be checked before setting off – a half-empty tube may not be enough for a long day.
Individual configuration: Which size and format are right for your outing?
A blanket recommendation along the lines of "one bag for every situation" would be irresponsible. The optimal selection depends crucially on the number of people, the duration of the time spent outdoors, and the type of activity. The basic rule is: It is better to carry a little more equipment than to be inadequately equipped in an emergency. The following scenarios help assess your personal needs - they are intended as a general guide that can be adapted to your individual circumstances.
The minimal set - solo trip or day hike for two
For a day trip alone or a hike for two, a compact first-aid bag is generally sufficient, with contents based on the scope of DIN 13157. It should be sized so that it can be stored in a 20- to 30-liter daypack without taking up a noticeable amount of space. Weight is secondary to safety; even when fully stocked, modern bags made of high-strength nylon fabric rarely weigh more than 500 to 800 grams.
The essential seasonal additions are: a tick-removal kit, repellent (preferably combined protection against ticks and mosquitoes), SPF 50+ sunscreen, an instant cold pack, and an antihistamine (gel or tablet, depending on the indication). In most first-aid bags, these additional items can easily be stored in one of the separate compartments.
The family set - picnic with children, group hike
As soon as several people, especially children, are involved, the risks do not simply increase linearly but exponentially. Children fall more often, suffer more grazes and bruises, and are often more sensitive than adults to insect bites and allergic reactions. For this purpose, equipment based on the scope of DIN 13169 is recommended - even when the group is well below 50 people.
When choosing a first-aid bag, pay particular attention to a transparent, intuitively organized interior: when a scraped knee needs treating through tears, there should be no lengthy search for the right adhesive bandage. A bag with pre-sorted compartments that allows intuitive access to the different bandage sizes and wound dressings reduces stress for both helpers and patients in an emergency. For a family outing, it is also advisable to bring additional children's blister plasters and a second small tube of sunscreen.
The expanded kit - multi-day trips, remote areas
Anyone planning a multi-day trekking trip or traveling in areas where emergency services have a longer response time - such as the Alps, the Bavarian Forest, or sparsely populated regions - must not only increase the amount of equipment but also realistically assess the extent of their first-aid skills. The components already mentioned should now be supplemented by additional cohesive bandages (which can also be used to improvise splints), more sterile compresses in various sizes, a second triangular bandage for immobilizing arms and shoulders or applying a pressure dressing, and an expanded range of blister plasters.
A special and often overlooked tip for multi-day trips: The emergency blanket and the instant cold pack should be carried in duplicate. Hypothermia is not only a threat in winter but also in summer when the weather changes suddenly - especially with soaked clothing and increasing wind. A second cold pack also allows cooling in the event of bilateral injuries or the necessary change after about 20 minutes to prevent local cold damage.
Prevention is better than regret: Preventive measures for spending time outdoors
The best equipment for treating injuries is the kind that never has to be used in the first place. A few simple but consistently implemented preventive measures significantly reduce the risk and should become routine before shouldering the backpack. These measures have been thoroughly studied scientifically, and their effectiveness has been demonstrated.
TBE vaccination: An issue that must be decided before the season
The recommendation of the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) is clear and has remained unchanged for years: The TBE vaccination is urgently recommended for all people who live, work, or spend time outdoors in risk areas and may be exposed to ticks. Protection from the vaccination is effective just 14 days after the second dose - anyone vaccinated now can still build up protection before the season progresses further. The primary immunization schedule consists of three doses; the first booster is given after three years.
However, the level of public awareness is alarming: According to a recent survey, 23 percent of respondents do not know whether they live in an FSME risk area . Given the low vaccination rates - in 2024 they were only 22.6% in Bavaria, 17.2% in Baden-Württemberg, and 18.0% in Hesse - an urgent appeal is necessary: 98 percent of the symptomatic FSME cases reported in 2025 were either unvaccinated or inadequately vaccinated. Almost all of these disease courses, some of them severe, could have been prevented through timely vaccination.
The risk of a severe course is also significantly higher among people over 60; from this age onward, the Stiko recommends a shortened booster interval of three instead of five years . Among older adults and people with immunodeficiency, the risk of severe courses and persistent neurological deficits is significantly higher . The clinical picture is by no means uniform: Around 60 percent of symptomatic patients experience a biphasic course - nonspecific flu-like general symptoms are followed, after a short interval with few symptoms, by the neurological phase in 5-15 percent of patients, with meningitis and encephalitis, neck stiffness, impaired consciousness, and paralysis of the arms and legs .
Proper clothing as a physiological barrier
The RKI explicitly recommends wearing closed, light-colored clothing as the first and most reliable line of defense against ticks: Long trousers with the trouser legs tucked into the socks force the tick to crawl upward on the clothing, making it much easier to spot before it reaches the skin. Light-colored fabrics are preferable to dark ones because the dark parasites stand out much more clearly against them and can be identified more quickly when being removed. Experts advise carefully checking the entire body for ticks after every stay outdoors. Preferred bite sites include the areas behind the ears, the backs of the knees, the armpits, and the genital area - these regions should be checked particularly thoroughly.
For sun protection, the three-pronged strategy has proven effective in practice: consistently avoid direct sunlight around midday, and where this is not possible, apply water-resistant sunscreen (SPF 50+) to all uncovered areas of skin and wear a hat with neck protection. Textile UV protection, such as special functional clothing with an integrated UV filter, is a useful and reliable addition.
First-aid course: The forgotten element of emergency preparedness
One aspect that is regularly overlooked in debates about the perfect equipment is the competence of the person providing assistance. The best equipment is of little use if the basic techniques for wound care, the recovery position, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation are not mastered confidently. Regularly refreshing your first-aid knowledge is not an annoying obligation, but an investment in everyone's safety. Many aid organizations - including Johanniter, Malteser, and the German Red Cross - offer compact refresher courses specifically tailored to treating outdoor injuries, which can be completed in just a few hours. The cost is negligible compared with the potential benefit.
Conclusion: The professional first-aid bag as an indispensable companion for early summer
The months of May and June bring us the most beautiful days of the year for outdoor activities. The fact that this period also involves specific health risks - from ticks and insect bites to sunburn and heat exhaustion - need not detract from the enjoyment, provided that the preparation is right. An outdoor first-aid kit based on the solid foundation of DIN standards 13157 or 13169 and supplemented with the seasonal components described creates the essential security needed to act calmly and effectively in an emergency.
Investing in a high-quality first-aid bag is worthwhile not only for the period described, but for the entire year. Unlike the tin box that gathers dust in the cupboard and whose contents are forgotten over the months, a well-made emergency bag is visible, within reach, and reliably preserves its contents over a long period. The clear separation into different compartments makes regular visual inspection easy - a decisive advantage for maintenance, because expired supplies are ineffective in an emergency.
Finally, perhaps the most important point in this entire guide: Even the best equipment is only as good as the person using it. A first-aid course, combined with the equipment described in this article, enables you to act safely, calmly, and competently in an emergency. Nature is waiting for you - get your outdoor first-aid kit ready for early summer.
